Heinz Henghes
by Graciela Corkery

100
Brutal Roman busts
Sculptors in the Roman empire develop the most brutally realistic convention in the history of portraiture

165
Marcus Aurelius on horseback
The bronze equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, on the Capitol in Rome, begins a long European tradition of public sculpture

1150
Gothic sculpture in Chartres
The biblical kings and queens in the west porch of Chartres cathedral are a striking early example of Gothic sculpture

1259
New pulpit for Pisa
Nicola Pisano completes a pulpit for Pisa, borrowing details from Roman sarcophagi - an early example of a new interest in the classical past

1395
Burgundy employs Sluter
Philip II of Burgundy commissions from Netherlands sculptor Claus Sluter a work, the Well of Moses, which launches the northern Renaissance

1411
Donatello employed on Orsanmichele
The linen drapers of Florence commission a statue of St Mark from Donatello, who carves for Orsanmichele the first free-standing Renaissance sculpture

1499
Michelangelo's a Pietà for St Peter's
24-year-old Michelangelo provides for St Peter's in Rome an exquisite Pietà – the Virgin holding on her lap the dead Christ

1501
Michelangelo carves David
Michelangelo begins work in Florence on a tall thin slab of marble, which he transforms into David
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicas_of_Michelangelo%27s_David
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Michelangelo%27s_David_-_63_grijswaarden.png
/renaissance/599?section=high-renaissance&heading=michelangelo-the-sculptor

1505
Julius II commissions tomb from Michelangelo
Pope Julius II summons Michelangelo to Rome to create the pope's own elaborately sculpted tomb

1622
Bernini makes marble breathe
Bernini's youthful Pluto and Proserpina, suggesting soft flesh in cold marble, introduces the lively tradition of baroque sculpture

1755
Winckelmann goes neoclassical
Johann Joachim Winckelmann publishes a book on Greek painting and sculpture which introduces a new strand of neoclassicism

1782
Canova does nudes
Italian sculptor Antonio Canova sets up his studio in Rome and begins producing finely modelled nudes in the Greek style

1785
Sculptor sails Atlantic to do Washington
French sculptor Jean Antoine Houdon crosses the Atlantic to sculpt a statue of George Washington from the life at Mount Vernon

1885
Statue of Liberty in Paris
The Statue of Liberty, by Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, is assembled in Paris before being shipped across the Atlantic

1886
Statue of Liberty erected in USA
The Statue of Liberty, after crossing the Atlantic, is erected on Bedloe's island in the approach to New York harbour

1902
Maillol exhibits in Paris
The sculptor Aristide Maillol has his first one-man exhibition, at the Galerie Vollard in Paris

1905
Maillol succeeds at the Salon
Aristide Maillol has his first major success with a large sculpture at the Salon d'Automne in Paris

20 August 1906
Heinz Henghes born 20th Aug in Hamburg
Heinz Henghes is born 20th Aug in Hamburg, Germany and christened Gustav Heinrich Clusmann

1912
Epstein designs tomb for Wilde
Jacob Epstein causes a stir with his provocatively modern angel on the tomb of Oscar Wilde in Père Lachaise

1913
Duchamp's Bicycle Wheel
Marcel Duchamp creates Bicycle Wheel, his first 'assisted readymade', consisting of the wheel screwed upside down on a painted wooden stool

1913
Boccioni sculpts continuity in space
Italian Futurist sculptor Umberto Boccioni suggests human movement in his Unique Forms of Continuity in Space

1914
Duchamp's Bottle Rack
Marcel Duchamp exhibits his first pure 'readymade', a bottle rack bought in a department store and displayed without alteration

1914
Brancusi has first solo show
The sculptor Constantin Brancusi has his first one-man exhibition, at Stieglitz's gallery in New York

1923
Duchamp's Bride Stripped Bare
Marcel Duchamp completes his large glass construction The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even

1924
Sails to New York
Stows away on board ship to New York after an earlier unsuccessful attempt

1925
Living on the breadline
Works washing dishes in restaurants and loading cargo at New York docks

1925
Starts sculpture.
Models for Isamu Noguchi and gains an interest in sculpture.

1927
Mount Rushmore
Gutzon Borglum begins the massive task of carving portraits of four US presidents in the rock face at Mount Rushmore

1927
Associates with authors and poets
Writes prose & poetry Meets EE Cummings, W.B. Yeats & others

1928
Life as a young artist
Noguchi tells Henghes that he is much like Gaudia-Brzeska as portrayed in "Savage Messiah"

1929
First exhibitions
Exhibits: Marie Sterner, - International, - Downtown, - Weyhe (all group shows)

1930
Matisse completes his Back series
Henri Matisse completes his Backsequence – four progressively simplified bronze relief sculptures (Nus de Dos)

1930
Marries
Marries Mary Elizabeth Crabtree after she elopes.

1931
First solo show
Exhibits: Friends of Art, Baltimore, first one-man show

27 August 1931
Son, Peter born
His son, Peter, is born in Ohio.

1932
Hitler becomes a German
Adolf Hitler finally exchanges Austrian for German nationality, just in time to run for the German presidency

1932
Calder's 'mobiles' get their name
Marcel Duchamp coins the term 'mobile' for Alexander Calder's new suspended art form

1932
6 million unemployed in Germany
Unemployment in Germany rises during the world-wide depression to the unprecedented level of 6 million

1931
Divorces in Reno
Goes to Reno, Nevada following his estranged wife. Attempts suicide and is confined to an asylum. Subsequently divorced.

1932
Return to Europe
Leaves USA for Germany

1933
21st Amendment in USA
Prohibition is lifted in the USA when the Twenty-First Amendment repeals the Eighteenth, which has been in force for 13 years

1933
Hitler claims unrestricted powers
Adolf Hitler puts a bill before the first meeting of the newly elected Reichstag, giving himself unrestricted powers

1933
Paris exhibition and work
Exhibits: Galerie de Paris and works as a guide at the Louvre

1933
With Ezra Pound in Italy
Goes to Rapallo in Italy Meets Ezra Pound who sets Henghes up with materials and space to sculpt. James Laughlin, Later Pound's publisher is also in Rapallo.

1934
German voters want Hitler as Führer
In a referendum 38 million German voters say yes to Adolf Hitler becoming Führer, Germany's supreme leader

1934
A studio in Milan
Moves to Milan Meets Princess K. di San Faustino (K.S.F later Kay Sage) and Renato Wild who becomes a patron

1934
Starts working as 'Henghes'
Named as Henghes by Kay Sage (K.S.F.)

1935
Italian exhibitions
Exhibits: Galleria Genova, - Il Faro, Torino, - Il Milione, Milano, (June & December)

1937
In Paris
Meets Brancusi and works in his studio. Also meets Kandinsky, Henry Miller, Lawrence Durrell, Max Ernst, Andre Breton

1937
Features in Anais Nin's diaries
Anais Nin writes of her relationship with Henghes. They are attracted, but she is deeply involved with Henry Miller and Gonzalo More and calls herself a "vampire".

1937
Introduces Kay Sage to Yves Tanguy
Introduces Kay Sage to the surrealist painter Yves Tanguy who she will later marry.

1937
New artistic connections in England
Arrives in England Meets Barbara Hepworth, Ben Nicholson, Alexander Calder, Naum Gabo, Herbert Read, Adrian Stokes

1938
Dordogne visit
Visits the Dordogne region of France in the company of Henry Miller and Jean Genet. They stay at Domme.

1939
Exhibiting and writing
Featured in Living Art in England edition of the London Bulletin alongside major sculptors of the day Exhibits: Guggenheim Jeune gallery, Cork Street, London Meets Prunella Clough

1939
Writing on politics
Writes for Adelphi, a magazine promoting peace, on the future of Europe foreseeing the momentum towards European integration

1940
Internment as a German in Britain
As a German citizen in Britain Henghes is interned for a few months in Australia. He travels out on the notorious ship the "Dunera". Passengers include many artists and writers. Works on surrealist drawings. Meets Hein Heckroth with whom he establishes a firm friendship, Klaus Friedeberger and others.

1941
Wartime in London
Returns to England with help from Herbert Read. Works for the BBC writing on current affairs. Writes play "Don Quixote".

1943
Picasso's Head of a Bull
Pablo Picasso transforms a bicycle's handlebars and saddle into Head of a Bull

1945-6
Exhibitions in the UK
Exhibits: St George"s Gallery, Grovesnor Street London W1, Exhibits: The Berkley Galleries, 20 Davies Street W1, Exhibits: Group Show - "Sculpture in the Home" organised by the Arts Council

1948
Life in London
Marries Daphne Gow, a Ballet Dancer with the Rambert Ballet. Exhibits: Battersea Park Open Air Exhibition - LCC & Arts Council. Changes name by deed poll to Henry Henghes and is naturalised British.

1949-53
Teaches Sculpture at Royal College of Art
Works under Frank Dobson as a Lecturer in Sculpture at the Royal College of Art London alongside John Skeaping.

1950
A 'Pagan' Madonna
Controversy surrounds "Madonna & Child" a large marble sculpture commissioned for St Mary le Park church and seen by some as "pagan".

1950
Exhibitions in UK and internationally
Exhibits: participated in Reading religious Arts Festival with "crucification" Exhibits: Exposition Internationale en plein air de Sculpture, Anvers

1950
Lascaux
Henghes Takes RCA students to Dordogne to visit Lascaux and prehistoric sites Arranges for publication of brochure on cave drawings in English

1951
Sculpture in the Home
Exhibits: Sculpture in the Home at the Bristol City Art Gallery with Henry Moore & others. Exhibits: Sculpture at Battersea Park - Arts Council

1952
Jean Genet
Jean Genet comes to London to have his bust made. The work is commissioned by Renato Wild

1953
Prehistory links
Meets Prof. Hal Movius from Harvard university who is running a dig in Les Eyzies. Meets Abbe Henri Breuil the prehistorian of whom he later makes a bust

1953
France
Moves to live and work in the Dordogne. Participates in "Unknown Political Prisoner" competition and show.

1955
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Baptist pastor Martin Luther King leads the Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks is arrested for not giving up her seat to a white man

1956
Exhibitions around Europe
Exhibits: Galerie Simone Badinier, Paris Exhibits: Hanover Gallery, London, Contemporary Sculpture, Group show Lectures at the American Institute in Berlin on contemporary art in Europe and America

14 August 1959
Birth of son
Son, Ian, is born in Perigueux, France

1959
London and Paris exhibitions
Exhibits: Hanover Gallery, London. Exhibits: Musee Rodin "Histoires Naturelles" group show

1961
Church sculpture
Completes stations of cross and Christ for the church of Montpon in the Dordogne, France

1962-63
New York and London exhibitions
Exhibits: Catherine Viviano Gallery, New York. Exhibits: Piccadilly Gallery, 16a Cork Street, London

1964
Winchester School of Art
Appointed Head of Fine Art at Winchester School of Art Henghes moves to England and helps the school to achieve diploma status. The sculptor Bob Holding joins Henghes to teach sculpture. They are later to share a studio.

1970-71
Group shows
Exhibits: 10 sculptors Two Cathedrals group show. Exhibits: Kunstkammer, Hanover

1972
Exhibitions
Exhibits: Archer Gallery, Grafton Street, London W1  Three Horses. Exhibits: Camden Arts Centre, London. Exhibits: Nuffield Gallery, Southampton. Exhibits: Two by Seven, Archer Gallery, Group show

1972
Moore and Patten
Visits Henry Moore in Forte dei Marmi region with Jenni Notton. Sees the Poet Brian Patten & Mary Moore. Patten is subsequently to write about Henghes.

1973-74
Exhibitions
Exhibits: Guildhall Picture Gallery Winchester, show with Robert Holding. Exhibits: The Royal Academy Summer Exhibition. Exhibits: Sculpture at South Hill Park, Bracknell, group show. Exhibits: The Royal Academy Summer Exhibition.

20 December 1975
Death
Dies in Bordeaux

1982
Segal's Holocaust
George Segal's bronze monument The Holocaust is unveiled in San Francisco

1989
Serra's Tilted Arc removed
US sculptor Richard Serra's Tilted Arc is removed from Federal Plaza, New York, after legal action by local protesters