Protest and Rebellion
by Derek Gerlach

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650 BC Sparta enslaves neighbours
The inhabitants of Messenia revolt against Spartan rule and are reduced, in retaliation, to the status of serfs or helots

  Europe, South Europe, Greece
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Messenian_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparta
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464 BC Uprising of helots
An earthquake in Sparta leads to an uprising by the helots, who take up a defensive position on Mount Ithome

  Europe, South Europe, Greece
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/464_BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ithome
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460 BC Greeks support revolt in Egypt
Forces of the Delian League assist the Egyptians in a successful revolt against their Persian rulers

  Africa, North Africa, Egypt
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delian_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/460_BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wars_of_the_Delian_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inaros_II
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165 BC Judas the Maccabee in Jerusalem
The Jewish leader Judas the Maccabee captures Jerusalem and cleanses the Temple

  Asia, West Asia, Palestine and Israel
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Temple
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Maccabeus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maccabean_Revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maccabees
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88 BC Sulla marches on Rome
The Roman general Sulla takes the unprecedented step of marching upon Rome with a Roman army, to restore his own faction to power

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulla
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82 BC Sulla marches on Rome again
Sulla takes Rome for the second time, after a battle at the Colline Gate, and then publishes his lethal 'proscriptions'

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  War, Battles | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proscription
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulla
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proscription#Proscription_of_Sulla_in_82_BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Colline_Gate
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73 BC Spartacus and fellow students rebel
A rebellion by Spartacus and other slaves from a gladiators' training camp at Capua lasts for two years before it is suppressed

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Servile_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Vesuvius
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Licinius_Crassus
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60 Boudicca attacks Romans
Boudicca launches a devastating attack on Roman soldiers and settlers, destroying their headquarters at Colchester

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Conquest, colonization | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boudica
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Camulodunum
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66 Zealots rise against Rome
The Zealots play a prominent part in the uprising which expels the Romans from Jerusalem

  Asia, West Asia, Palestine and Israel
  Politics, Conquest, colonization | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zealots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zealot_Temple_Siege
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69 Year of the four emperors
A rebellion in Spain prompts such chaos that Rome has four emperors within a year, after the suicide of Nero in 68

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nero
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year_of_the_Four_Emperors
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galba
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73 Mass suicide at Masada
The last of the Jewish insurgents are besieged in the stronghold of Masada, eventually killing each other to end their ordeal

  Asia, West Asia, Palestine and Israel
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Judaism
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Masada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Flavius_Silva
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130 Hadrian plans new Jerusalem
Hadrian, visiting Jerusalem, decides to rebuild it as a Roman city - an act which provokes the final Jewish uprising

  Asia, West Asia, Palestine and Israel
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelia_Capitolina
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt
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132 Simon Bar-Cochba captures Jerusalem
Simon Bar-Cochba drives the Romans out of Jerusalem and holds it for three years, until a large Roman army recovers the city

  Asia, West Asia, Palestine and Israel
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_bar_Kokhba
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_Revolt_coinage
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars
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532 Theodora defies rebels
Theodora shows her mettle, as empress, in her response to the anarchy and terror unleashed in Constantinople by the Nika revolt

  Europe, East Europe, Turkey in Europe
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nika_riots
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Nika_Revolt&redirect=no
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodora
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justinian_I
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903 T'ang dynasty ends
The leader of a peasant uprising captures and kills the Chinese emperor, bringing to an end the T'ang dynasty

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheng_Rui
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Quanhui
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Shifan
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1154 Damascus surrenders to Nur ed-Din
The inhabitants of Damascus surrender their city to Nur ed-Din, helping him greatly in his campaign against the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem

  Asia, West Asia, Lebanon and Syria
  Politics, Conquest, colonization | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nureddin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nur_al-Din_Bimaristan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusader_states
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1264 De Montfort captures king at Lewes
Simon de Montfort, leading the barons in rebellion, captures Henry III and his son Edward at Lewes

  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Battles
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lewes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_England
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1265 Prince kills de Montfort
Prince Edward, escaping from captivity, defeats and kills Simon de Montfort at Evesham

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Battles
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Evesham
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_5th_Earl_of_Leicester
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1281 Violence in church service in Sicily
An incident in a church service sparks the uprising known as the Sicilian Vespers, in which 2000 French are killed overnight in Sicily

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicilian_Vespers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_v%C3%AApres_siciliennes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1931_in_organized_crime
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1350 William Tell supposedly shoots apple
William Tell, a figure of legend, epitomizes the struggle of the Swiss farmers against their feudal overlords, the Habsburgs

  Europe, Central Europe, Switzerland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Habsburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Tell
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg,_Switzerland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_an_apple_off_one%27s_child%27s_head
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1381 Peasants' revolt
A poll tax imposed in England provokes widespread unrest, which flares up in the Peasants' Revolt

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poll_tax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasants%27_revolt_in_Palestine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1907_Romanian_Peasants%27_Revolt
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1381 Wat Tyler meets Richard II
Wat Tyler, leader of the Kentish rebels, meets Richard II at Smithfield - before being struck and wounded by the Lord Mayor of London

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wat_Tyler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II,_Duke_of_Normandy
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1398 Bolingbroke and Mowbray banished
Richard II banishes Thomas de Mowbray for life and Henry of Bolingbroke for ten years

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke
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1398 Feud between Bolingbroke and Mowbray
A dangerous feud develops between two of England's most powerful barons, Henry of Bolingbroke (son of John of Gaunt) and Thomas de Mowbray

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Mowbray,_1st_Duke_of_Norfolk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Mowbray,_4th_Earl_of_Norfolk
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1399 Richard II denies Bolingbroke his inheritance
John of Gaunt dies and Richard II denies Henry of Bolingbroke his Lancastrian inheritance, declaring Gaunt's vast estates forfeit to the crown

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II_of_England
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1400 Welsh prince of Wales again
The Welsh rise against the English and proclaim Owain Glyn Dwr as their own prince of Wales

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_Rising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_of_Wales
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales
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1408 Owain Glyn Dwr loses support
Driven from Aberystwyth and Harlech, Owain Glyn Dwr loses support - and the last Welsh rebellion fades away

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owain_Glynd%C5%B5r
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlech_Castle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_Rising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberystwyth_Castle
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1420 Hussites build Tabor
The Hussites build a new fortified town at Tabor as their fortress headquarters

  Europe, Central Europe, Czech Republic
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1bor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussite_Wars
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1422 Zizka and his 'war wagon fortress'
Jan Zizka wins a series of victories against papal armies, using the mobile barricade which becomes known as his 'war wagon fortress'

  Europe, Central Europe, Czech Republic
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDi%C5%BEka
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussite_Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nekm%C3%AD%C5%99
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Aussig
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1480 Ivan III withholds Mongol tax
Ivan III, grand prince of Russia, becomes the first to deny the Mongols of the Golden Horde their annual tribute of tax

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Horde
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Stand_on_the_Ugra_River
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_III_of_Russia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Moscow
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1487 Lambert Simnel crowned in Dublin
Lambert Simnel, supposedly a nephew of Edward IV, is crowned in Dublin - but ends up working in the royal kitchens of Henry VII

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_Simnel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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1491 Perkin Warbeck has wide support
The king of France is among those supporting Perkin Warbeck, supposedly a prince from the Tower, in his attempt on the English throne

  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin_Warbeck
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princes_in_the_Tower
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Tower
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fortunes_of_Perkin_Warbeck
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1499 Perkin Warbeck hanged
After three feeble attempts to invade England, Perkin Warbeck is captured by Henry VII (in 1497) and is hanged at Tyburn

  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin_Warbeck
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyburn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Tyburn
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1517 Luther nails document to church door
Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninety-five_Theses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenberg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenberg_University
Image

1520 Luther's writings burnt
Luther's writings are burnt in Rome by order of the pope

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany | Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Persecution, repression | Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_book-burning_incidents
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exsurge_Domine
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1521 Luther excommunicated
Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther after he has refused to recant

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany | Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Persecution, repression | Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decet_Romanum_Pontificem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_X
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.
Image

1521 Diet of Worms
Luther travels to the German city of Worms to present his case to an imperial diet

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_of_Worms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo%27s_Mountain_of_Clams_and_the_Diet_of_Worms
Image

1521 Here I stand, says Luther
Luther bears witness to a Protestant conscience, stating at Worms: 'Here I stand, I can not do otherwise.'

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_of_Worms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_I_Stand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.
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1522 Swiss sausage in Lent
Huldreich Zwingli eats sausage in Lent in Zurich, launching the Swiss Reformation

  Europe, Central Europe, Switzerland
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huldrych_Zwingli
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affair_of_the_Sausages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_Huldrych_Zwingli
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Huldrych_Zwingli
Image

1525 Adult baptism in Zurich
Conrad Grebel baptises an adult, causing outrage in Protestant Zurich

  Europe, Central Europe, Switzerland
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Brethren
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Grebel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Grebel_University_College
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabaptism
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1529 Protestants acquire their name
The 'Protestation' of various princes and imperial cities at Speyer identifies them as Protestants

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestation_at_Speyer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ged%C3%A4chtniskirche,_Speyer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3AProtestation_at_Speyer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speyer
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1530 Lutheran confession at Augsburg
The Augsburg Confession, presented by Melanchthon to the imperial diet, defines the Lutheran faith

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg_Confession
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Melanchthon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenberg_interpretation_of_Copernicus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apology_of_the_Augsburg_Confession
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1531 Protestant princes form league
The Protestant princes of Germany form the defensive League of Schmalkalden

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Diplomacy | Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmalkaldic_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Torgau
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmalkaldic_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalcald_Articles
Image

1534 Placards all over Paris
Paris wakes up to find Protestant placards all over the place, mocking the sacrament of the mass

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affair_of_the_Placards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Day_massacre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordonnance_de_Montpellier
Image

1541 Calvin's school of Christ
Protestant reformer John Calvin settles in Geneva and submits the city to a strict Christian rule

  Europe, Central Europe, Switzerland
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genevan_Consistory
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_John_Calvin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Zeinenger
Image

1559 Knox back in Scotland
John Knox returns to Scotland from Geneva and inspires the Protestants to march on Edinburgh

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Knox
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Knox_Laughton
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Reformation_Parliament
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Goodman
Image

1569 English rebels support Mary
A rebellion in the north of England aims to put Mary Queen of Scots on the English throne

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rising_of_the_North
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_4th_Duke_of_Norfolk
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England
Image

1572 Sea beggars in Brill
Sea beggars seize the town of Brill and raise the flag of William of Orange (also known as William the Silent)

  Europe, West Europe, Benelux
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_the_Silent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Brielle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geuzen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sea_Beggars
Image

1581 Protestant Netherlands reject Spain
In the Oath of Abjuration the northern provinces of the Netherlands formally reject the rule of the Spanish king, Philip II

  Europe, South Europe, Spain | Europe, West Europe, Benelux
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjuration
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_post-Reformation_oaths
Image

1598 Edict of Nantes protects Huguenots
The Edict of Nantes secures the civil rights of France's Protestants, the Huguenots

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huguenots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Nantes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Fontainebleau
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Huguenots
Image

1605 Gunpowder Plot damages Catholic cause
The Gunpowder Plot, attempting murder and treason, severely damages the Catholic cause in Britain

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowder_Plot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Fawkes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Fawkes_Night
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gunpowder_Plot:_Exploding_the_Legend
Image

1619 Protestant elected king in Bohemia
The Protestant Frederick V (elector palatine of the Rhine) is elected king by the rebellious Bohemian nobles

  Europe, Central Europe, Czech Republic
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_V_of_the_Palatinate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick,_Elector_Palatine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Image

1636 Hampden refuses to pay ship money
John Hampden refuses to pay ship money to Charles I, beginning a campaign that gradually wins wide support

  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_money
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hampden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England
Image

1638 Covenant in Edinburgh churchyard
A National Covenant, first signed in an Edinburgh churchyard, commits the Covenanters to oppose Charles I's reforms of the Church of Scotland

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenanters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Puritans_under_King_Charles_I
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England
Image

1638 Riots in Edinburgh
Riots erupt in Edinburgh, in response to the attempt by Charles I and Laud to impose a hierarchy of Anglican bishops

  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I_of_England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Laud
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishops%27_Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenanters
Image

1639 Bishops' War in Scotland
Covenanters seize control of Edinburgh and other Scottish towns, launching the conflict with England known as the Bishops' War

  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishops%27_Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenanters
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Killing_Time
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strasbourg_Bishops%27_War
Image

1648 Rebellion of Cossacks
A Cossack rebellion leads to the eventual transfer of their territory from Poland to Russia

  Europe, East Europe, Poland | Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cossacks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmelnytsky_Uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cossack_riots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cossacks:_European_Wars
Image

1648 Fronde against Mazarin
A rebellion of nobles against Mazarin, the principal minister of the young Louis XIV, becomes known as the Fronde

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fronde
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_Mazarin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cardinal_Jules_Mazarin_by_Robert_Nanteuil_1656.jpeg
Image

1680 Pueblo Indians rise against Spanish
The Pueblo Indians of New Mexico rise against the Spanish, killing 21 missionaries and some 400 colonists

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_Revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puebloans
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop%C3%A9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestral_Puebloans
Image

1710 Machines thrown from Spitalfields window
Machines are thrown out of the window of a Spitalfields factory, in an early protest against industrialization

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spitalfields
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Spitalfields_Market
Image

1715 Uprising fails in Scotland
A Jacobite uprising in Scotland on behalf of the Old Pretender ends in fiasco

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1715
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart
Image

1745 Forty-Five rebellion
Charles Edward Stuart lands at Eriskay in the Hebrides, launching the Forty-Five Rebellion

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eriskay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobitism
Image

1745 Bonnie Prince Charlie in Edinburgh
Charles Edward Stuart gathers support for the Forty-Five Rebellion on his way south from the Hebrides and reaches Edinburgh

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobitism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart,_Count_Roehenstart
Image

1745 Bonnie Prince Charlie reaches Derby
Charles Edward Stuart marches as far south as Derby, but then turns back

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart,_Count_Roehenstart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart
Image

1746 Disaster for Scots at Culloden
Charles Edward Stuart and his 5000 Scots are routed at Culloden, bringing the Forty-Five Rebellion to an abrupt end

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Battles
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Culloden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobitism
Image

1754 Franklin uses cartoon to urge union
Benjamin Franklin's chopped-up snake, urging union of the colonies with the caption 'Join or Die', is the first American political cartoon

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join,_or_Die
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_or_Die_with_Craig_Ferguson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Autobiography_of_Benjamin_Franklin
Image

1754 Franklin proposes government for colonies
Benjamin Franklin proposes to the Albany Congress that the colonies should unite to form a colonial government

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albany_Plan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albany_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Autobiography_of_Benjamin_Franklin
Image

1763 Pontiac leads Indian uprising
Pontiac, an Ottawa chief, leads an uprising of the Indian tribes in an attempt to drive the British east of the Appalachians

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac%27s_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Chief_Pontiac
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Detroit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac_Star_Chief
Image

1764 Sugar Act taxes Americans
Britain passes the Sugar Act, levying duty on sugar, wine and textiles imported into America

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jones%E2%80%93Costigan_amendment
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intolerable_Acts
Image

1765 Stamp Act imposed
Britain passes the Stamp Act, taxing legal documents and newspapers in the American colonies

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Resolves
Image

1765 Sons of Liberty oppose Stamp Act
American campaigners against the Stamp Act organize themselves as the Sons of Liberty in Massachusetts and New York

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_Gear_Solid_2:_Sons_of_Liberty
Image

1766 Stamp Act repealed
Britain repeals the Stamp Act, in a major reversal of policy achieved by resistance in the American colonies

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaratory_Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress
Image

1767 Townshend Acts prove last straw in America
The British Chancellor, Charles Townshend, passes a series of acts taxing all glass, lead, paint, paper and tea imported into the American colonies

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Townshend_Acts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townshend
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Circular_Letter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townshend,_2nd_Viscount_Townshend
Image

1770 Boston Massacre
British troops fire into an unruly crowd in Boston, Massachusetts, killing five

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Massacre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crispus_Attucks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boston_Massacre_high-res.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Seider
Image

1770 Only tea is taxed
In response to American protests, the British government removes the Townshend duties on all commodities with the exception of tea

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Townshend_Acts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townshend
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Townshend,_2nd_Viscount_Townshend
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Circular_Letter
Image

1773 Boston Tea Party
Some fifty colonists, disguised as Indians, tip a valuable cargo of tea into Boston harbour as a protest against British tax

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_Party_movement
Image

1774 Boston's port is closed
As a retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, the British parliament closes Boston's port with the first of its Coercive Acts

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intolerable_Acts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Port_Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Coercive_acts&redirect=no
Image

1774 Americans find British acts Intolerable
Britain's new Coercive (or Intolerable) Acts include the requirement that Massachusetts citizens give board and lodging to British troops

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intolerable_Acts
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Coercive_acts&redirect=no
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartering_Acts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restraining_Acts_1775
Image

1774 First Continental Congress
Delegates from twelve American colonies meet in Philadelphia and agree not to import any goods from Britain

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Continental_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Association
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress
Image

1775 'Give me liberty or give me death'
Patrick Henry makes a stirring declaration – 'Give me liberty or give me death' – to the Virginia Assembly

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Give_me_liberty,_or_give_me_death!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Henry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Henry_College
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty%27s_Kids
Image

1775 Redcoats sent to Concord
General Gage sends a detachment of British troops to seize weapons held by American Patriots at Concord

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Gage
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill
Image

1775 Revere rides some of the way
Paul Revere is one of the US riders taking an urgent warning to Concord, but he is captured on the journey

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Revere
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Revere%27s_Midnight_Ride
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Revere_%26_the_Raiders
Image

1775 Shot fired at Lexington
The first shot of the American Revolution is fired in a skirmish between redcoats and militiamen at Lexington, on the road to Concord

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Lexington,_Massachusetts
Image

1775 Second Continental Congress
Delegates from the states reassemble in Philadelphia, with hostilities against the British already under way in Massachusetts

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shot_heard_round_the_world
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Congress
Image

1775 Washington is American commander
Delegates in Philadelphia select George Washington as commander-in-chief of the colonial army

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_in_the_American_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_Carver
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Army
Image

1775 Battle on Bunker Hill
At Bunker Hill, overlooking Boston from the north, the American militiamen prove their worth against British professional soldiers

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Death_of_General_Warren_at_the_Battle_of_Bunker%27s_Hill,_June_17,_1775
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Warren
Image

1775 British blockade America
Britain declares the colonies to be in a state of rebellion, and sets up a naval blockade of the American coastline

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_battles_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daughters_of_the_American_Revolution
Image

1776 New American flag
George Washington raises on Prospect Hill a new American flag, the British red ensign on a ground of thirteen stripes – one for each colony

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Union_Flag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_Carver
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_University
Image

1776 Paine argues for Common Sense
In Common Sense, an anonymous pamphlet, English immigrant Thomas Paine is the first to argue that the American colonies should be independent

  North America, USA
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Sense
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_O._Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commonsense.jpg
Image

1776 Washington takes Boston
George Washington drives the British garrison from Boston, and moves south to protect New York

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Boston
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_Carver
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortification_of_Dorchester_Heights
Image

1776 Virginia wants independence
The revolutionary convention of Virginia votes for independence from Britain, and instructs its delegates in Philadelphia to propose this motion

  North America, USA
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Virginia_Convention
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Resolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Declaration_of_Rights
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1776_Virginia_gubernatorial_election
Image

1776 American colonies vote for independence
Virginia's motion for independence from Britain is passed at the Continental Congress of the colonies with no opposing vote

  North America, USA
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Resolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Congress
Image

1776 Jefferson's Declaration adopted
Thomas Jefferson's text for the Declaration of Independence is accepted by the Congress in Philadelphia

  North America, USA
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_slavery
Image

1776 Hancock signs first
John Hancock is the first delegate to sign the Declaration of Independence, formally written out on a large sheet of parchment

  North America, USA
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signing_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hancock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hancock_Center
Image

1777 Stars and stripes
Congress adopts a new flag for independent America – the stars and stripes

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Union_Flag
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stars_%26_Stripes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betsy_Ross_flag
Image

1780 Uprising led by Inca descendant
An Indian uprising in Spanish Peru is led by a descendant of the Incas, Tupac Amaru II

  Latin America, South America, Peru
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebellion_of_T%C3%BApac_Amaru_II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BApac_Amaru_II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaela_Bastidas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BApac_Amaru
Image

1780 Gordon riots terrorize London
Six days of riot in London are triggered by Lord George Gordon leading a march to oppose any degree of Catholic emancipation

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_emancipation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_George_Gordon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Riots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Relief_Act_1829
Image

1786 Shay's Rebellion
Daniel Shays is the most prominent figure in a violent protest movement by farmers against the government of Massachusetts

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Shays
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shays%27_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shays
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_Shattuck
Image

1788 Tooth-puller leads Brazil rebellion
Tiradentes (the 'puller of teeth') leads the first rebellion against Portuguese rule in Brazil

  Latin America, South America, Brazil
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inconfid%C3%AAncia_Mineira
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiradentes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiradentes,_Minas_Gerais
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Brazil
Image

1789 What is the Third Estate?
A pamphlet published in France by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès asks a challenging question, What is the Third Estate?

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Is_the_Third_Estate%3F
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Signatur_Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s.PNG
Image

1789 Jacobin club founded
A left-wing political club begins to meet in a Jacobin convent in Paris, thus becoming known as the Jacobins

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Jacobins
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couvent_des_Jacobins_de_la_rue_Saint-Jacques
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_des_Jacobins
Image

1789 Fall of Bastille
An excited Paris mob liberates the seven prisoners held in the forbidding fortress of the Bastille

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storming_of_the_Bastille
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastille
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastille_Day
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prise_de_la_Bastille.jpg
Image

1789 Crowd brings king from Versailles to Paris
Parisians force their way into the palace at Versailles and insist on Louis XVI and his royal family accompanying them back to Paris

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_March_on_Versailles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XVI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_of_Louis_XVI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_to_Varennes
Image

1789 Mutiny on Bounty
Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against the captain, William Bligh

  Australia and Oceania, Pacific Islands
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fletcher_Christian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Bounty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Bligh
Image

1790 Burke reflects on French Revolution
Anglo-Irish politician Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, a blistering attack on recent events across the Channel

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflections_on_the_Revolution_in_France
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Burke
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/q:Edmund_Burke
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Men
Image

1791 Irishmen unite
Wolfe Tone is one of the founders in Belfast of the Society of United Irishmen

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_United_Irishmen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_Tone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_tone
Image

1791 Paine's Rights of Man
Thomas Paine publishes the first part of The Rights of Man, his reply to Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights_of_Man
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflections_on_the_Revolution_in_France
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Burke
Image

1792 Tooth-puller beheaded
The Brazilian rebel Tiradentes is beheaded in public in Rio de Janeiro as a warning to would-be revolutionaries

  Latin America, South America, Brazil
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiradentes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiradentes,_Minas_Gerais
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inconfid%C3%AAncia_Mineira
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1792
Image

1792 Paine moves to France
Thomas Paine moves hurriedly to France, to escape a charge of treason in England for opinions expressed in his Rights of Man

  Europe, West Europe, France | Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights_of_Man
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_O._Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_Thomas_Paine
Image

1793 Rebellion in Vendée
Rebellion breaks out in the Vendée and a peasant army marches against republican Paris

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vend%C3%A9e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Massacre_of_Machecoul
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_Vend%C3%A9miaire
Image

1793 Toussaint L'Ouverture invades his home territory
Toussaint L'Ouverture, a former slave, joins a Spanish force invading the French colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti)

  Latin America, Caribbean, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Domingue
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture_International_Airport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Revolution
Image

1793 Paine imprisoned in France
English revolutionary Thomas Paine spends nearly a year in a French prison after opposing the execution of Louis XVI

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XV
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_of_Louis_XVI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Paine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XVI
Image

1794 Whisky Rebellion put down with force
George Washington uses military force to assert government authority on rebels in Pennsylvania refusing to pay a federal tax on whisky

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiskey_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Irish_Whiskey_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington_University
Image

1795 Tecumseh insists on Indian rights
After the Fort Greenville concessions, the Shawnee leader Tecumseh emerges as a champion of Indian territorial rights

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecumseh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Greenville
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecumseh,_Kansas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecumseh,_Michigan
Image

1795 Orangemen unite
A secret Protestant group, the Orange Society, is formed in Co. Armagh to resist Irish nationalism

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Religion, Christianity
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Order
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Diamond
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Order_in_Canada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Orange_Lodge_of_Scotland
Image

1795 Napoleon saves Paris Convention
The 26-year-old Napoleon Bonaparte comes to public attention for his part in saving the Convention in Paris from an assault by rebels

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Convention
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_Vend%C3%A9miaire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_French_Empire
Image

1796 Wolfe Tone invades Ireland
Irish nationalist Wolfe Tone sails from France to invade Ireland with a force of 14,000 French soldiers

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_Tone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_tone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_Tone_Societies
Image

1798 Wolfe Tone commits suicide
Irish nationalist Wolfe Tone, convicted of treason for his failed invasion, cuts his throat to cheat the British gallows

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_Tone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_tone
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_Tone_Societies
Image

1802 Toussaint L'Ouverture captured by French
Toussaint L'Ouverture is treacherously arrested and sent to France, where he dies in prison

  Latin America, Caribbean, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture_International_Airport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Domingue_expedition
Image

1803 Emmet captured
The uprising by Irish nationalist Robert Emmet ends in disaster when he marches on Dublin with only about 100 men

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Emmet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_rebellion_of_1803
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Addis_Emmet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Emmet_Odlum
Image

1804 Haiti asserts independence
The independence of Haiti from France is proclaimed by a new black ruler calling himself the emperor Jacques I

  Latin America, Caribbean, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Dessalines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1804_Haiti_massacre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Empire_of_Haiti
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dessalines
Image

1806 Carbonari oppose French
The Carbonari, an Italian group of revolutionaries, make their first appearance in Naples in opposition to French rule

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Ranieri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonari
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Carbonari
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies
Image

1806 Belgrade briefly captured from Turks
Karageorge captures Belgrade and wins a limited independence for Serbia within the Ottoman empire

  Europe, East Europe, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara%C4%91or%C4%91e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia_national_football_team
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Serbian_Uprising
Image

1809 Bolivia leads in Latin American unrest
With acts of defiance in Sucre, Bolivia becomes the first American province to rebel against the Spanish authorities

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Sucre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuquisaca_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre_family
Image

1810 Bolívar in Venezuela coup
Simón Bolívar, a young officer in Caracas, takes part in a coup which wins control of Venezuela from the Spanish

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
Image

1810 Argentina takes step towards independence
After a public meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentinians set up an autonomous local government in opposition to Spanish forces

  Latin America, South America, Argentina
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy_of_the_May_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposici%C3%B3n_Internacional_del_Centenario
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_National_Government
Image

1810 Uruguay's first step towards independence
José Gervasio Artigas lays siege to the Spanish forces in Montevideo, beginning Uruguay's long struggle for independence

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gervasio_Artigas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Javier_de_El%C3%ADo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Jos%C3%A9_Gervasio_Artigas,_Mexico_City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_War_of_Independence
Image

1810 Rebellion in Bogotá
The citizens of Bogotá expel the local Spanish officials and declare their loyalty to the deposed Ferdinand VII

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombian_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaza_Ferdinand_VII
Image

1810 Cry of Dolores
The parish priest of Dolores sparks a rebellion against the Spanish authorities in Mexico with his Grito de Dolores

  Latin America, Central America, Mexico
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cry_of_Dolores
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo,_Mexico_City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condecoraci%C3%B3n_Miguel_Hidalgo
Image

1811 Luddites in Nottingham
Masked Luddites smash machinery in night raids on factories in Nottingham

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luddite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah_Brandreth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Luddism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ned_Ludd
Image

1811 Colombia claims independence
The citizens of Bogotá declare the independence of the province of Colombia

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogota,_New_Jersey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombian_Declaration_of_Independence
Image

1811 Paraguay declares independence
The colonists of Paraguay throw out their Spanish governor and declare independence

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_of_Paraguay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguay_campaign
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Paraguay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Paraguay
Image

1812 Spanish recover Venezuela
The Spanish authorities recover control of Venezuela, ending the region's first brief spell of independence

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Venezuela
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence
Image

1813 Bolívar's manifesto for revolution
Simon Bolívar publishes the Manisfesto de Cartagena, calling on the citizens of New Granada to unite and expel the Spaniards

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartagena_Manifesto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Republic_of_Venezuela
Image

1813 Bolívar hailed as Liberator
Bolívar defeats the Spanish forces in Venezuela and is welcomed in Caracas as the Liberator

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Liberator
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
Image

1813 Indepedence claimed for Mexico
Rebels meeting for a conference in Chilpancingo proclaim a short-lived Mexican independence

  Latin America, Central America, Mexico
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Chilpancingo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentimientos_de_la_Naci%C3%B3n
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solemn_Act_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence_of_Northern_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilpancingo
Image

1814 San Martin commands Argentinian patriots
José San Martín becomes commander of the patriot army of Argentina, replacing Manuel Belgrano

  Latin America, South America, Argentina
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Belgrano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatasto_relay
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Manuel_Belgrano
Image

1814 Spanish forces recapture Venezuela
The Spanish recapture Caracas, after which Bolívar moves southwest to advance on Bogotá, now held again by the Spanish

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caracas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
Image

1814 Chile recovered by Spanish
Spanish forces at Rancagua defeat a Chilean army commanded by Bernardo O'Higgins, who escapes across the Andes into Argentina

  Latin America, South America, Chile
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Rancagua
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancagua
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_General_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_Riquelme
Image

1814 Bolívar captures Bogotá
Bolívar recaptures Bogotá from the recently returned Spanish troops

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_career_of_Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
Image

1815 Mexican independence squashed
The Spanish suppress the independence movement in Mexico with the capture and execution of its leader, Jose Maria Morelos

  Latin America, Central America, Mexico
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Morelos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Morelos,_Quintana_Roo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Temalaca
Image

1815 Spanish back once again in Bogotá
The Spanish recover Bogotá yet again and Bolívar flees into exile in Jamaica

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carta_de_Jamaica
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
Image

1816 Argentina is independent
The independence of Argentina is formally proclaimed, dropping any pretence of remaining loyal to the Spanish king

  Latin America, South America, Argentina
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Argentina
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Provinces_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata
Image

1817 San Martin and O'Higgins liberate Chile
San Martín and O'Higgins lead an army through the Andes into Chile and capture Santiago

  Latin America, South America, Chile
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_General_Bernardo_O%27Higgins_Riquelme
Image

1817 Bolívar assembles army in Venezuela
Bolívar returns to Venezuela and builds up an army of liberation in a remote region up the Orinoco

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvar%27s_campaign_to_liberate_New_Granada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correo_del_Orinoco
Image

1819 Bolívar liberates Colombia
Bolívar marches his army across the Andes, captures Bogotá and proclaims the republic of Gran Colombia

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvar%27s_campaign_to_liberate_New_Granada
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Colombia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Boyac%C3%A1
Image

1820 Ferdinand VII imprisoned by liberals
A second liberal revolution in Spain ends with Ferdinand VII a prisoner of the Cortes in Cadiz

  Europe, South Europe, Spain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortes_Generales
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaza_Ferdinand_VII
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trienio_Liberal
Image

1821 Massacre of Muslims by Greek insurgents
An uprising in Greece against Turkish rule is followed by the massacre of several thousand Muslims

  Europe, South Europe, Greece
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacres_during_the_Greek_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Tripolitsa
Image

1821 San Martin proclaims Peruvian independence
San Martín enters Lima and proclaims Peruvian independence with himself as 'Protector'

  Latin America, South America, Peru
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_of_Trujillo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy_of_Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
Image

1821 Bolívar recovers Venezuela
Bolívar defeats the Spanish at Carabobo and liberates, for the second time, his native city of Caracas

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Carabobo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner
Image

1822 Sucre wins Ecuador
After defeating the Spanish at Pichincha, Antonio José de Sucre enters Quito and liberates Ecuador

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Pichincha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quito
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Sucre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3ABattle_of_Pichincha
Image

1822 Self-proclaimed emperor in Mexico
Agustin de Iturbide declares himself emperor of the new nation of Mexico, as Agustin I

  Latin America, Central America, Mexico
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Iturbide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Iturbide_y_Green
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_Mexico
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Iturbide_y_Huarte
Image

1822 San Martín bows out of Peru
After failing to agree with Bolívar at Guayaquil, San Martín resigns his post as Protector of Peru

  Latin America, South America, Peru
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guayaquil_Conference
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy_of_Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
Image

1823 Byron joins Greek rebels
Lord Byron arrives in Greece to support the cause of Greek independence

  Europe, South Europe, Greece
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Byron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Byron
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Greek_War_of_Independence
Image

1823 Guatemala declares independence
Guatemala declares independence following the example of neighbouring Mexico

  Latin America, Central America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Guatemala
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Central_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence
Image

1823 Bolívar takes control in Peru
Bolívar arrives in Lima to be granted command of the army and dictatorial powers in the republic of Peru

  Latin America, South America, Peru
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_War_of_Independence
Image

1824 Peru finally liberated
After the surrender of the Spanish army to Antonio José de Sucre at Ayacucho, Peru is finally liberated

  Latin America, South America, Peru
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ayacucho
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Sucre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruvian_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre_family
Image

1825 Sucre liberates Bolivia
With a victory at Tumusla Antonio José de Sucre liberates Upper Peru (the future Bolivia), the last Spanish stronghold in continental America

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ayacucho
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Sucre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre_family
Image

1825 Thirty-three Immortals fight for Uruguay
Juan Antonio Lavalleja leads a band of Thirty-three Immortals in Uruguay's fight for independence from Brazil

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Lavalleja
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty-Three_Orientals
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_of_the_33_Patriots_Day
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana_Monterroso_de_Lavalleja
Image

1825 Bolivia named for Bolívar
Upper Peru declares independence as the republic of Bolivia, in honour of Simón Bolívar

  Latin America, South America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner_Jr.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bolivia
Image

1825 December uprising in St Petersburg
A December uprising in St Petersburg ends when troops fire on the crowd, but the 'Decembrists' become revolutionary martyrs

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decembrist_revolt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Decembrists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_interregnum_of_1825
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia
Image

1827 Lavalleja defeats Brazilian army
Lavalleja defeats a Brazilian army at Ituzaingó, in the decisive battle for Uruguayan independence

  Latin America, South America, Brazil
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Lavalleja
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ituzaing%C3%B3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ituzaing%C3%B3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ana_Monterroso_de_Lavalleja
Image

1830 July revolution in Paris
A revolution erupts in Paris in July and sweeps Charles X from the throne

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_X
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17_July_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1830
Image

1831 Mazzini inspires Young Italy
Italian nationalist Giuseppe Mazzini founds Young Italy, an organization to promote insurrection

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Italy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bust_of_Giuseppe_Mazzini
Image

1831 Nat Turner's Uprising
Nat Turner leads a revolt by fellow slaves in Southampton County, Virginia, killing 59 whites and provoking more repressive legislation

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Slavery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_Turner%27s_slave_rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nat_Turner_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Confessions_of_Nat_Turner
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_Turner:_A_Troublesome_Property
Image

1836 Texas declares independence
The inhabitants of the Mexican province of Texas declare their independence as a new republic

  North America, USA
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin,_Texas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Declaration_of_Independence
Image

1836 Sam Houston wins Texas
Sam Houston destroys a Mexican army near the San Jacinto river, completing the seizure of Texas from Mexico

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_San_Jacinto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Houston
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaties_of_Velasco
Image

1837 French rebel in Canada
Rebellions in Canada reveal widespread discontent with the British administration, particularly among the French settlers

  North America, Canada
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebellions_of_1837%E2%80%931838
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_Canada_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Saint-Charles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriote_flag
Image

1838 League against Corn Laws
Seven Manchester merchants and mill-owners found the Anti-Corn Law League

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Corn_Law_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn_Laws
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cobden
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bright
Image

1843 O'Connell sentenced to prison
Daniel O'Connell is convicted of seditious conspiracy and is sentenced to prison

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_O%27Connell
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Connell_family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1843_in_Ireland
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_P._O%27Connell
Image

1844 O'Connell acquitted on appeal
Daniel O'Connell is acquitted on appeal and released from prison

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_O%27Connell
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Matthew_Ray
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Connell_family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_P._O%27Connell
Image

1844 Dominican Republic claims independence
The other half of Hispaniola joins Haiti in declaring independence, as the Dominican Republic

  Latin America, Caribbean, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic_national_football_team
Image

1847 Communist League founded in London
At a congress in London Engels persuades a group of radical Germans to adopt the name Communist League

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Engels
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Communist_League_USA
Image

1848 Year of revolutions begins in Sicily
An uprising in Sicily in January starts off Europe's 'year of revolutions'

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicilian_revolution_of_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Italian_states
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_revolutions_of_1848%E2%80%931849
Image

1848 Communist Manifesto published in Paris
The Communist Manifesto, by Marx and Engels, is published in Paris with the ringing slogan: 'Workers of the world, unite!'

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Engels
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune
Image

1848 Revolution brings second French republic
A revolution in Paris in February removes Louis-Philippe and introduces France's second republic

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Second_Republic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848
Image

1848 Vienna uprising unseats Metternich
An uprising in Vienna leads to the resignation, on the following day, of the long-serving chancellor Klemens von Metternich

  Europe, Central Europe, Austria
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Austrian_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klemens_von_Metternich
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_assessment_of_Klemens_von_Metternich
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848
Image

1848 Emperor flees from radical Vienna
Another uprising in Vienna causes the emperor Ferdinand I to flee for safety to Innsbruck

  Europe, Central Europe, Austria
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Austrian_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria
Image

1848 Martial law in Prague
Martial law is imposed in Prague after a demonstration by radical Czech students following a Pan-Slav congress

  Europe, Central Europe, Czech Republic
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Austrian_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-Slavism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague_Slavic_Congress,_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_I,_Prince_of_Windisch-Gr%C3%A4tz
Image

1848 Third uprising in Vienna
Suppression of unrest in Hungary provokes a third violent uprising in Vienna and another flight by Ferdinand I, this time to Olomouc

  Europe, Central Europe, Austria
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Image

1848 Pope flees from radical Rome
An uprising in Rome causes Pope Pius IX to flee for safety to a coastal fortress at Gaeta

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX_and_Italy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Pope_Pius_IX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX_and_Judaism
Image

1849 Brief republic in Rome
A new Roman republic is proclaimed, with veteran agitator Giuseppe Mazzini in the leading role

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bust_of_Giuseppe_Mazzini
Image

1849 Kossuth declares Hungary independent
Nationalist leader Lajos Kossuth announces the independence of Hungary and the deposition of the Habsburg dynasty

  Europe, East Europe, Hungary
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Habsburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg_Monarchy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Declaration_of_Independence
Image

1849 Dostoevskyundergoes mock execution
Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky undergoes a mock execution, after being sentenced to death for revolutionary activities against tsar Nicholas I

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrashevsky_Circle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Brothers_Karamazov
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky_bibliography
Image

1850 Dostoevsky given hard labour
Fyodor Dostoevsky begins four years of hard labour in Siberia for revolutionary activities

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Siberia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katorga
Image

1850 Taiping Rebellion
A rebellion against the Qing dynasty, led by Christian convert Hong Xiuquan, breaks out in southern China

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Heavenly_Kingdom
Image

1853 Taiping rebels capture Nanjing
The Taiping rebels capture the Chinese city of Nanjing and make it their capital

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu_Jianying
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Heavenly_Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Taiping_Rebellion
Image

1854 Gunfight at Eureka stockade
Australian gold diggers, angered by the requirement to purchase a licence, make a defiant stand at the Eureka stockade

  Australia and Oceania, Australia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_gold_rushes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorian_gold_rush
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_rush
Image

1856 Pottawatomie Massacre
Abolitionist John Brown presides over the lynching of five pro-slavery men at Pottawatomie in Kansas

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Slavery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pottawatomie_massacre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown_%26_Company
Image

1857 Mutiny in India
Animal fat on a new issue of cartridges sparks off the Indian Mutiny, also know as the First War of Indian Independence

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_the_Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_the_Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mutiny_Medal
Image

1857 Siege of Lucknow ends
After being besieged for five months in Lucknow, the remnants of the British garrison finally escape

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Lucknow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Cawnpore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Lucknow
Image

1858 Fenians founded in USA
John O'Mahony, an Irish emigrant to the USA, founds the Fenian Brotherhood as a secret organization supporting the Irish republican cause

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian_Brotherhood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_O%27Mahony
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian_raids
Image

1858 British recapture Lucknow
Lucknow is retaken by the British, nearly a year after it fell to the rebels

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mutiny_Medal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Lucknow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_Mutiny_Victoria_Cross_recipients
Image

1858 Indian Mutiny aftermath
The end of the Indian Mutiny is followed by brutal British retaliation

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Cawnpore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Mutiny_Medal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_Mutiny_Victoria_Cross_recipients
Image

1858 Irish Republican Brotherhood
An Irish branch of the US Fenians is established as the Irish Republican Brotherhood

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Republican_Brotherhood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian_Brotherhood
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Irish_Republican_Brotherhood
Image

1859 Attack on Harper's Ferry
John Brown is captured leading a group of abolitionists to seize arms from the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Slavery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpers_Ferry,_West_Virginia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown%27s_raid_on_Harpers_Ferry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown_%26_Company
Image

1859 John Brown hanged
Abolitionst John Brown is convicted of treason at Harper's Ferry and is hanged

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpers_Ferry,_West_Virginia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown_%26_Company
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States
Image

1860 Garibaldi captures Sicily
Garibaldi lands at Marsala in Sicily in May with his thousand Redshirts, and wins control of the island for the king in waiting, Victor Emmanuel II

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_aircraft_carrier_Giuseppe_Garibaldi
Image

1860 Garibaldi enters Naples
Garibaldi crosses from Sicily to the mainland and by September is in Naples

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_aircraft_carrier_Giuseppe_Garibaldi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Volturno
Image

1860 Southern dismay at Lincoln presidency
South Carolina becomes the first southern state to secede from the Union in response to Lincoln's election

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina_Declaration_of_Secession
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina_in_the_American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln
Image

1861 Confederate States of America
Seven southern states, meeting in Montgomery, Alabama, agree to form the Confederate States of America

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Congress_of_the_Confederate_States
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Constitution_of_the_Confederate_States
Image

1861 Jefferson Davis is Confederate president
The seven members of the newly formed Condederacy elect Jefferson Davis as their provisional president

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Davis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Davis_Parish,_Louisiana
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
Image

1861 Richmond is Confederate capital
Richmond, the state capital of Virginia, becomes the capital of the Southern Confederacy

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond_in_the_American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flags_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America
Image

1861 Confederate attack launches Civil War
Shots are fired against the Federal military garrison in Fort Sumter, in Charleston harbour, launching the American Civil War

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Sumter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America
Image

1863 Chinese Gordon
British officer Charles Gordon leads untrained auxiliaries against the Taiping rebels in China, becoming known as Chinese Gordon

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_George_Gordon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Heavenly_Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Gordon
Image

1863 Bread riots in Richmond
Mobs of women destroy shops in Richmond, Virginia, in protest at food prices inflated by the war

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_bread_riots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apr2_richmond_riot.jpg
Image

1863 Lincoln imposes conscription
Four days of riots in New York greet Lincoln's new conscription or draft laws, with exemptions for the rich

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_draft_riots
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th_New_York_Infantry_Regiment
Image

1864 Taiping rebellion finally suppressed
Imperial Chinese troops and Gordon's auxiliaries take Nanjing, the rebel capital, finally bringing to an end the Taiping rebellion

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_George_Gordon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Heavenly_Kingdom
Image

1867 Kapital hits bookstalls
The first volume of Das Kapital is completed by Marx in London and is published in Hamburg

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany | Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Literature, Other | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Das_Kapital
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_Karl_Marx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1867_in_Germany
Image

1868 Ten Years' War begins in Cuba
An uprising against Spanish rule in Cuba sparks off a Ten Years' War

  Latin America, Caribbean, Cuba
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Years%27_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Cuban_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ten_Year_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cuba
Image

1868 Grito de Lares 1868
An armed uprising against Spanish rule takes place in the town of Lares in Puerto Rico, becoming known as the Grito de Lares ('Cry of Lares')

  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grito_de_Lares
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lares,_Puerto_Rico
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathias_Brugman
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico
Image

1871 Philosopher leads Cairo campaign
The Afghan philosopher Jamal al-Din, moving to Cairo, urges drastic and violent measures against western influence

  Africa, North Africa, Egypt
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamal_al-Din_al-Afghani
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Abduh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamal_ad-Din
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_modernism
Image

1871 Parisians set up Commune
An uprising results in the Paris Commune, followed by the siege of the city by French government forces

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Paris_Commune
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communards
Image

1871 Communards defeated in cemetery
The Paris communards are overwhelmed in a battle at the Père Lachaise cemetery, which is followed by brutal reprisals

  Europe, West Europe, France
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communards%27_Wall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1871_in_poetry
Image

1871 Ku Klux Klan destroyed
US president Ulysses S. Grant uses the new Civil Rights Act to suppress the violent Ku Klux Klan in southern states

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan_Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act
Image

1877 Widespread strikes in USA
A strike against wage cuts by Baltimore railway workers spreads until it becomes almost a national strike

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Railroad_Strike_of_1877
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_railroad_strike_of_1877
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Railroad_Strike_of_1922
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh_railroad_strike_of_1877
Image

1878 Romania is independent
Romania achieves a new status as an internationally recognized independent nation

  Europe, East Europe, Other
  Politics, Democracy, dissent | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_War_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin
Image

1878 Serbia is idependent
A war of liberation against Turkey wins full independence for Serbia

  Europe, East Europe, Other
  Politics, Government, states | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia_national_football_team
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Serbia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia
Image

1885 Young Turks organize
A secret revolutionary group (Union and Progress, later known as the Young Turks) is formed in Salonika in the Ottoman empire

  Europe, South Europe, Greece
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Turks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thessaloniki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Turk_Revolution
Image

1886 Haymarket Affair ends in disaster
In the Haymarket Affair a demonstration in Chicago against police brutality results in deaths and subsequent executions

  North America, USA
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haymarket_affair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monuments_relating_to_the_Haymarket_affair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Haymarket_affair
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Haymarket_Affair_map_Chicago_Tribune_may_5,_1886.jpg
Image

1892 Homestead Lockout
The closing of the Homestead Steel Works near Pittsburgh in a dispute with unions leads to massive confrontation and violence

  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homestead_strike
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homestead_Steel_Works
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bost_Building
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Homestead_strike_burning_barges.jpg
Image

1894 Debs leads Pullman strike
US Socialist Eugene Debs comes to prominence as leader of a strike by railway workers against the Pullman Company

  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pullman_Strike
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Olney
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs_Award
Image

1894 Basque Nationalist Party
The Basque Nationalist Party is founded, beginning more than a century of separatist unrest in northwest Spain

  Europe, South Europe, Spain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_nationalism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabino_Arana
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Nationalist_Action
Image

1895 Lenin arrested and imprisoned
Lenin is arrested in St Petersburg, along with other members of the Union for the Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_activity_of_Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Struggle_for_the_Emancipation_of_the_Working_Class
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Image

1898 Philippines declare independence
The Philippines declare independence from the colonial power, Spain, with whom they are at war

  Asia, Southeast Asia, Philippines
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Declaration_of_Independence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_national_football_team
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Revolution
Image

1905 First Communist soviet
The first soviet ("council") of workers is set up in St Petersburg, introducing a word of great significance in Russian Communist history

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Commerce, industry
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Soviet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1905_Russian_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Army
Image

1916 Spartacus League in Germany
Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg found the radical Spartacus League, named after the gladiator

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl-Liebknecht-Haus
Image

1916 Pearse proclaims republic of Ireland
The rebel leader Patrick Pearse stands under the portico of Dublin's General Post Office to announce the birth of the Irish republic

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_Irish_Republic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Pearse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_Pearse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Irish_Republic
Image

1916 Casement arrested in Irish undergrowth
Roger Casement is arrested after returning secretly to Ireland three days before the Easter Rising

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Casement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casement_Report
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Rising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Diaries
Image

1916 Pearse and Connolly executed
Patrick Pearse and his fellow Irish rebel James Connolly are executed by firing squad

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Pearse
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Connolly
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Rising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Brendan_Connolly
Image

1917  March 10 Soldiers join protesters in Petrograd
A mutiny by soldiers, in support of Petrograd demonstrators, proves a turning point in Russia's February revolution

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution | War, Wars
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junker_mutiny
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution
Image

1917  March 11 Another Bloody Sunday in Russia
Crowds demonstrating in Petrograd are fired on after tsar Nicholas II sanctions the use of force

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Dynasties, royalty, popes | Politics, Persecution, repression | Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_of_the_Romanov_family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Sunday
Image

1917  March 12 Peter and Paul fortress falls
An uprising in Petrograd brings the Peter and Paul fortress into the hands of the rebels

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_and_Paul_Fortress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Saint_Petersburg
Image

1917  April Lenin's April Theses
Lenin expounds in Petrograd the new theory of his April Theses, predicting the possibility of imminent revolution

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Theses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Crisis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Image

1917  April Trotsky returns to Russia
Trotsky hurries back to Russia from exile in the United States

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Revolution_Betrayed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky_Museum,_Mexico_City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trotskyism
Image

1917 July 17 Armed rebels in Petrograd
An armed uprising in Petrograd disperses after Lenin declines to give support

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Days
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Image

1917 July Trotsky imprisoned, Lenin flees
Trotsky is imprisoned and Lenin flees to Finland as Russia's Provisional Government cracks down on the Bolsheviks

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Days
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amherst_Internment_Camp
Image

1917 September Trotsky chairs Petrograd Soviet
Trotsky, released from prison, stages a coup to win Bolshevik control of the Petrograd Soviet

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrograd_Soviet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Trotsky_Museum,_Mexico_City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrograd_Military_Revolutionary_Committee
Image

1917 October Lenin back in Petrograd
Lenin, in disguise, returns from Finland to Petrograd, where he hides in the flat of a party worker

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Theses
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland_Station
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Image

1917 October 23 Bolsheviks plan insurrection
Lenin persuades the Bolshevik central committee to vote for an armed insurrection

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Revolutionary_Committee
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution
Image

1917 November 3 Petrograd garrison mutinies
The soldiers of the Petrograd garrison mutiny on being ordered to the front

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junker_mutiny
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrograd_Soviet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronstadt_rebellion
Image

1917 November 5 Bolshevik troops control Petrograd
The Peter and Paul fortress is taken, giving the Bolsheviks control of Petrograd

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_and_Paul_Fortress
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevism
Image

1917 November 7 Winter Palace falls
Bolsheviks storm the Winter Palace in Petrograd and arrest the ministers of the Provisional Government

  Europe, North Europe, Russia
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_Palace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofitel_Winter_Palace_Hotel
Image

1918 De Valera arrested
The British viceroy in Dublin imprisons 73 Sinn Fein leaders, including Eamon de Valera, on allegations of a German plot

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sinn_F%C3%A9in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918_Irish_general_election
Image

1918 November 9 Soviet German republic proclaimed
The Spartacus League proclaims a rival German republic on soviet lines

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacist_uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
Image

1919 Sinn Fein sets up Dáil Eireann
The Sinn Fein members elected to Westminster establish their own parliament in Dublin, the Dáil Eireann (Assembly of Ireland), soon declared illegal by Britain

  Europe, West Europe, Britain | Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_D%C3%A1il
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_the_1st_D%C3%A1il
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann
Image

1919 De Valera escapes from gaol
Michael Collins springs de Valera from Lincoln gaol, with the help of a duplicate key

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera,_Jnr
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_D%C3%A1il
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera_Forest
Image

1919  January I German Communist party
The Spartacus League transforms itself into the Communist party of Germany

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
Image

1919  January 6 Berlin crowd demands revolution
A vast crowd, assembling in Berlin, calls for a revolution and begins to seize public buildings

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacist_uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht
Image

1919  January I5 Liebknecht and Luxemburg shot
After ten days of street fighting in Berlin, Spartacus leaders Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg are captured and shot

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartacus_League
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl-Liebknecht-Haus
Image

1920 Right-wing putsch in Berlin
A right-wing military putsch seizes power for a few days in Berlin

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapp_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinebrigade_Ehrhardt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichstag_Bloodbath
Image

1920 Nazi party emerges
The German Workers' Party, with Adolf Hitler as one of its leading members, changes its name to the Nazi party

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Workers%27_Party
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany
Image

1920 Obregón ends Mexican revolution
Ten years of violent revolution in Mexico are brought to and end in a successful coup by Alvaro Obregón

  Latin America, Central America, Mexico
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Obreg%C3%B3n
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Obreg%C3%B3n,_Mexico_City
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venustiano_Carranza
Image

1921 Reza Khan leads Iran coup
An army officer, Reza Khan, becomes war minister after seizing control of Tehran with his Cossack brigade

  Asia, Central Asia, Iran (Persia)
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1921_Persian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza_Shah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Cossack_Brigade
Image

1922 Gandhi given six-year sentence
Mahatma Gandhi is arrested by the British in India as an agitator and is sentenced to six years in prison

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chauri_Chaura_incident
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Mahatma_Gandhi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fasts_undertaken_by_Mahatma_Gandhi
Image

1922 Mussolini prepares to march on Rome
Mussolini gives orders for armed squads to congregate around Rome, in preparation for a march to seize power in the capital

  Europe, South Europe, Italy
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_on_Rome
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duce
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulla
Image

1923 Communist uprisings in German cities
Germany's communists organise uprisings in Saxony, Thuringia and Hamburg

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamburg_Uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_Action
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%931919
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_1923
Image

1923 Hitler's beer-cellar putsch
Adolf Hitler, launching a putsch in a Munich beer cellar, announces the birth of a new national government

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%BChrer
Image

1923 Abrupt end to Hitler putsch
Adolf Hitler's beer-cellar putsch ends in ignominious failure, as he turns and flees under fire

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Nazis_who_participated_in_the_Beer_Hall_Putsch
Image

1923 Goering wounded in Nazi fiasco
Hermann Goering is wounded in the aftermath of the Munich beer hall putsch, but unlike Hitler manages to escape

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_Fallschirm-Panzer_Division_Hermann_G%C3%B6ring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_R%C3%B6hm
Image

1923 Mein Kampf begun in prison
Adolf Hitler dictates Mein Kampf to Rudolf Hess in their shared prison cell after the failed Munich putsch

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Hess
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mein_Kampf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany
Image

1925 Reza Khan seizes throne
Reza Khan, by now prime minister of Iran, mounts a second coup to depose the last Qajar shah and begin his own Pahlavi dynasty

  Asia, Central Asia, Iran (Persia)
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1921_Persian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qajar_dynasty
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza_Shah
Image

1926 Monument to Liebknecht and Luxemburg
Mies van der Rohe designs a monument in Berlin for the Spartacus leaders Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg

  Europe, Central Europe, Germany
  Arts, Architecture | Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralfriedhof_Friedrichsfelde
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht
Image

1927 Communists established in Jiangxi
Communists seize power in Jiangxi province and establish the first soviet republic in China

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiangxi%E2%80%93Fujian_Soviet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_uprising
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan%E2%80%93Jiangxi_Soviet
Image

1927 Jiang Jieshi launches coup
Right-wing Chinese army officer Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) launches an anti-Communist coup in the Canton region

  Asia, East Asia, China
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek_Memorial_Hall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Chiang_Kai-shek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling
Image

1927 O'Higgins assassinated
Irish Free State president Kevin O'Higgins is murdered by members of the IRA on his way to mass

  Europe, West Europe, Ireland
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_O%27Higgins
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archie_Doyle
Image

1930 Gandhi leads salt march
Mahatma Gandhi leads a 240-mile march from Ahmedabad to the sea to defy the British salt tax, thus launching a campaign of civil disobedience

  Asia, South Asia, India (subcontinent)
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_March
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Mahatma_Gandhi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Salt_Satyagraha_Memorial
Image

1930 Coup in Argentina
A military coup removes Hipolito Irigoyen from the presidency in Argentina

  Latin America, South America, Argentina
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_Yrigoyen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_Argentine_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coups_d%27%C3%A9tat_in_Argentina
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Pedro_Justo
Image

1931 Mutiny at Invergordon
Pay cuts cause British sailors in the Atlantic fleet to mutiny at Invergordon, in Scotland's Cromarty Firth

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invergordon_Mutiny
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Copeman
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Len_Wincott
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy_mutiny_of_1919
Image

1932 Mosley holds British rally
Oswald Mosley holds his first rally in Trafalgar Square, at the head of his British Union of Fascists

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald_Mosley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_1932
Image

1934 Coup in Nicaragua
Anastasio Somoza, commander of the National Guard, organizes a coup in Nicaragua

  Latin America, Central America, Other
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Debayle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusto_C%C3%A9sar_Sandino
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Garc%C3%ADa
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somoza_family
Image

1934 Nazi putsch fails in Austria
The Austrian chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss is assassinated by Nazis in a coup that fails

  Europe, Central Europe, Austria
  Politics, Protest, revolution
Historyworld context
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelbert_Dollfuss
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_Putsch
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-elimination_of_the_Austrian_Parliament
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_Civil_War
Image

1936 Political uniforms banned in Britain
In response to the gang violence of Oswald Mosley's black-shirted thugs, a Public Order Act in the UK bans political uniforms

  Europe, West Europe, Britain
  Politics, Protest, revolution | Society, Social, domestic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackshirts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald_Mosley